Serious Mental Illness Statistics in Wisconsin

Comprehensive Serious Mental Illness statistics for Wisconsin, including prevalence, demographics, treatment access, and outcomes data.

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Down 12 Spots[1]
Wisconsin's National Mental Health Ranking

According to Mental Health America's 2024 report, Wisconsin's ranking plummeted from its previous top position to 13th nationwide, signaling a significant shift in the state's mental health landscape.

2024

Key Takeaways

  • In 2023, approximately 6.2% of adults in Wisconsin experienced a Serious Mental Illness (SMI) within the past year, a figure slightly above some national estimates.6.2%[2]
  • A significant treatment gap persists, with only about 55% of Wisconsin adults with SMI receiving any form of mental health treatment in the past year.55%[2]
  • Young adults aged 18-25 face the highest rates of SMI in the state, with a prevalence of 7.2%, more than double the rate for adults 65 and older.7.2%[2]
  • Wisconsin faces a severe shortage of mental health professionals, with a provider-to-population ratio of 420:1, which is significantly worse than the national rate of 340:1.420:1[1]
  • Geographic disparities are stark, with urban adults showing a higher SMI prevalence (5.1%) compared to their rural counterparts (3.7%).[3]
  • Cost remains a major barrier to care, with 23% of adults with SMI in Wisconsin reporting they were unable to see a doctor due to the expense.23%[2]

Understanding Serious Mental Illness in Wisconsin

Serious Mental Illness (SMI) encompasses a range of mental, behavioral, or emotional disorders that result in significant functional impairment, substantially interfering with or limiting one or more major life activities[4]. These conditions, including major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder, pose significant challenges to individuals, families, and the state's healthcare system. Understanding the prevalence and scope of SMI in Wisconsin is the first step toward addressing care gaps and improving outcomes for residents.

Serious Mental Illness (SMI)

A mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder resulting in serious functional impairment, which substantially interferes with or limits one or more major life activities. The burden of mental illness is concentrated among those who experience disability due to SMI.

Source: Mental Illness - National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) - NIH. National Institute of Mental Health. Published 2022. Accessed January 2026. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/mental-illness

SMI Prevalence: A Statewide and National View

Data reveals the significant scale of mental health challenges across Wisconsin. While SMI affects a specific portion of the population, a much larger group experiences some form of mental illness. Nationally, an estimated 15.4 million individuals experience SMI in a given year[4]. In Wisconsin, this translates to a substantial number of residents navigating complex health issues, with anxiety and major depressive disorder being the most commonly reported conditions[5].

21%[3]
Wisconsin Adults with Any Mental Illness (AMI)

Over a 12-month period, more than one in five adults in the state experience some form of mental illness.

12-month period
6.0%[4]
U.S. Adults with Serious Mental Illness (SMI)

Nationally, nearly 6.0% of adults are estimated to experience SMI within a 12-month period.

12-month period
>1 Million[1]
Wisconsin Adults Experiencing Mental Illness

In the past year, over a million adults in Wisconsin reported experiencing some form of mental illness.

past year

Demographic Disparities in SMI

The burden of Serious Mental Illness is not distributed evenly across Wisconsin's population. Certain demographic groups, particularly younger adults, experience markedly higher rates of SMI. Factors such as age, gender, race, and ethnicity all play a role in the prevalence of these conditions, highlighting the need for targeted support and outreach to vulnerable communities across the state.

Barriers to Care: Treatment Gaps and Provider Shortages

Despite the clear need, many Wisconsinites with SMI do not receive professional care. This treatment gap is driven by a combination of factors experts call a 'polycrisis,' including provider shortages, cost barriers, and social stigma[1]. The state has been designated as a Health Professional Shortage Area (HPSA) for mental health, with rural counties being the most acutely affected[2]. This shortage creates significant hurdles for individuals seeking timely and consistent treatment.

Mental Health Provider Density (per 100k residents)
As low as 15
Rural Wisconsin
50+
Urban Wisconsin
Over 3x more providers in urban areas
The geographic distribution of mental health providers is highly uneven, leaving rural residents with far fewer options for care.
Psychiatrist to Resident Ratio
1 per 12,000
Rural Wisconsin Counties
In many rural parts of the state, the scarcity of specialized psychiatric care is particularly severe, creating long wait times and travel distances for patients.
State rankings for mental health can vary significantly year-to-year and between different reports. For example, while Mental Health America ranked Wisconsin 13th in 2024, a 2023 analysis placed the state in the top five for outcomes. These differences are often due to varying methodologies, data sources, and the specific metrics being evaluated.

Frequently Asked Questions

Sources & References

All statistics and claims on this page are supported by peer-reviewed research and official government data sources.

1How Wisconsin ranked on Mental Health America's 2024 state report. Jsonline. Published 2024. Accessed January 2026. https://www.jsonline.com/story/news/health/2024/07/30/how-wisconsin-ranked-on-mental-health-americas-2024-state-report/74472847007/
2[PDF] Wisconsin Mental Health and Substance Use Needs Assessment .... Dhs. Accessed January 2026. https://www.dhs.wisconsin.gov/publications/p00613.pdf
3Mental Health in - Wisconsin. National Alliance on Mental Illness. Published 2025. Accessed January 2026. https://www.nami.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Wisconsin-GRPA-Data-Sheet-8.5-x-11-wide.pdf
4Mental Illness - National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) - NIH. National Institute of Mental Health. Published 2022. Accessed January 2026. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/mental-illness
5In F. [PDF] M ental H ealth in W isconsin. National Alliance on Mental Illness. Published 2021. Accessed January 2026. https://www.nami.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/WisconsinStateFactSheet.pdf
6Wisconsin Mental Health and Substance Use Needs .... Dhs. Accessed January 2026. https://www.dhs.wisconsin.gov/publications/p00613.pdf